{"id":667,"date":"2025-12-30T12:39:00","date_gmt":"2025-12-30T12:39:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/permanentnaformacia.sk\/?p=667"},"modified":"2026-01-11T13:48:15","modified_gmt":"2026-01-11T13:48:15","slug":"bozia-nemenitelnost","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/permanentnaformacia.sk\/index.php\/2025\/12\/30\/bozia-nemenitelnost\/","title":{"rendered":"BO\u017dIA NEMENITE\u013dNOS\u0164"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"100\" height=\"99\" src=\"http:\/\/permanentnaformacia.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/LOGO_GTF_2021-kopia-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-101\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><strong>PERMANETN\u00c1 FORM\u00c1CIA ABSOLVENTOV TEOLOGICK\u00ddCH FAK\u00daLT&nbsp;<\/strong><br><\/strong>doc. ThDr. \u0160tefan Palo\u010dko, PhD.&nbsp;<strong> <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>T\u00c9MA I:<\/strong> BO\u017dIA NEMENITE\u013dNOS\u0164 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-background has-black-background-color has-black-color is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">\u00daVOD: Ve\u010dn\u00e1 Bo\u017eia existencia ako predpoklad jeho nemenite\u013enosti<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cirkevn\u00ed otcovia pri \u00favah\u00e1ch o Bo\u017eej podstate vych\u00e1dzaj\u00fa z Ex 3,14 a&nbsp;zd\u00f4raz\u0148uj\u00fa Boha ako nevyhnutne existuj\u00face bytie. Gregor Nazi\u00e1nsky vysvet\u013euje, \u017ee Boha ani tak nevystihuje to, \u017ee v\u017edy bol a&nbsp;v\u017edy bude, lebo \u201ebol\u201c a \u201ebude\u201c s\u00fa \u00faseky na\u0161ej doby, ktor\u00e1 neust\u00e1le plynie. Boh v\u0161ak je v\u017edy jestvuj\u00faci. Podobne sa vyjadruj\u00fa aj August\u00edn a J\u00e1n Damasc\u00e9nsky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-list\"><li>Rozumov\u00e9 zd\u00f4vodnenie Bo\u017eej nemenite\u013enosti<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Dok\u00e1zan\u00fdm faktom je, \u017ee Prv\u00e1 pr\u00ed\u010dina nevznikla a&nbsp;je ve\u010dn\u00e1. Ak teda uva\u017eujeme o&nbsp;ve\u010dnosti, do \u00favahy pripadaj\u00fa len dve protichodn\u00e9 hypot\u00e9zy, ako by sa t\u00e1to ve\u010dnos\u0165 Prvej pr\u00ed\u010diny mala realizova\u0165: Bu\u010f ide o&nbsp;ve\u010dnos\u0165 v&nbsp;\u010dasovom zmysle, teda \u017ee trvala do minulosti do nekone\u010dna, alebo \u017ee je nez\u00e1visl\u00e1 na \u010dase, teda \u017ee Prv\u00e1 pr\u00ed\u010dina je ve\u010dn\u00e1 v&nbsp;st\u00e1lom \u201eteraz\u201c, ako to nazna\u010duj\u00fa spom\u00ednan\u00ed cirkevn\u00ed otcovia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Probl\u00e9m prvej hypot\u00e9zy je, \u017ee \u010das nie je myslite\u013en\u00fd do minulosti do nekone\u010dna. Ak predpoklad\u00e1me ve\u010dn\u00e9 trvanie \u010dasu smerom do minulosti, pred dne\u0161n\u00fdm d\u0148om by musel uplyn\u00fa\u0165 nekone\u010dn\u00fd po\u010det dn\u00ed (resp. nejak\u00fdch \u010dasov\u00fdch jednotiek). V&nbsp;aktu\u00e1lnom okamihu tak predpoklad\u00e1me ukon\u010denie nekone\u010dn\u00e9ho po\u010dtu dn\u00ed, \u010do je rozpor. \u010cas teda mus\u00ed ma\u0165 za\u010diatok. Existencia Prvej pr\u00ed\u010diny ako ve\u010dnej v&nbsp;\u010dase do minulosti je teda nemyslite\u013en\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Druh\u00e1 hypot\u00e9za r\u00e1ta s&nbsp;ve\u010dnou existenciou Prvej pr\u00ed\u010diny v&nbsp;zmysle nez\u00e1vislosti na \u010dase, teda v&nbsp;st\u00e1lom \u201eteraz\u201c. Nie\u010do tak\u00e9 je myslite\u013en\u00e9, len ak sa pre Prv\u00fa pr\u00ed\u010dinu ak\u00e9ko\u013evek \u201epredt\u00fdm\u201c, \u201eteraz\u201c a&nbsp;\u201epotom\u201c ni\u010d\u00edm neodli\u0161uj\u00fa. Len vtedy nemo\u017eno hovori\u0165 o&nbsp;\u017eiadnej postupnosti, o&nbsp;\u017eiadnom \u010dase, len o&nbsp;st\u00e1lom nemenite\u013enom stave. St\u00e1le \u201eteraz\u201c teda z&nbsp;defin\u00edcie predpoklad\u00e1 absol\u00fatnu nemenite\u013enos\u0165. V&nbsp;prvej pr\u00ed\u010dine teda nem\u00f4\u017ee prebehn\u00fa\u0165 \u017eiadna zmena.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">2. Bo\u017eia nemenite\u013enos\u0165 v&nbsp;Bo\u017eom Zjaven\u00ed<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To, \u010do rozum odha\u013euje o&nbsp;prvej pr\u00ed\u010dine, potvrdzuje o&nbsp;Bohu Sv\u00e4t\u00e9 p\u00edsmo i&nbsp;vyjadrenia cirkevn\u00fdch otcov. Najzjavnej\u0161ie potvrdzuje Bo\u017eiu nemennos\u0165 vo Sv\u00e4tom p\u00edsme Jakub: <em>\u201eKa\u017ed\u00fd dobr\u00fd \u00fadel, ka\u017ed\u00fd dokonal\u00fd dar je zhora, zostupuje od Otca svetiel, u&nbsp;ktor\u00e9ho niet premeny\u201c<\/em> (Jk 1,17).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sv. August\u00edn vysvet\u013euje, \u017ee v\u0161etko, \u010do sa men\u00ed, prest\u00e1va by\u0165, \u010d\u00edm bolo a za\u010d\u00edna by\u0165, \u010d\u00edm nebolo. To v\u0161ak znamen\u00e1 prechod z&nbsp;mo\u017enosti do uskuto\u010dnenia, \u010do u Boha nie je mo\u017en\u00e9, ke\u010f\u017ee Boh je \u010dist\u00fd akt. Prechod z mo\u017enosti do uskuto\u010dnenia u Boha vylu\u010duje fakt, \u017ee Boh je Prvou pr\u00ed\u010dinou, ktor\u00e1 nem\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 \u00fa\u010dinkom predo\u0161lej pr\u00ed\u010diny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vo Sv\u00e4tom p\u00edsme sa stret\u00e1vame s opisom zmeny v Bohu (napr. <em>\u201eP\u00e1n o\u013eutoval, \u017ee stvoril \u010dloveka na zemi\u201c<\/em> Gn 6,6). Ak\u00e9ko\u013evek v\u00fdpovede P\u00edsma o zmene v Bohu je nevyhnutn\u00e9 bra\u0165 ako opis Bo\u017e\u00edch diel a&nbsp;vlastnost\u00ed nedokonal\u00fdm \u013eudsk\u00fdm jazykom na z\u00e1klade anal\u00f3gie. Inak by sme sa dostali do rozporu s rozumom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">3. Praktick\u00e9 d\u00f4sledky Bo\u017eej nemenite\u013enosti<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Z Bo\u017eej nemenite\u013enosti vypl\u00fdva ve\u013emi d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fd fakt pre praktick\u00fd n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fd \u017eivot. Je toti\u017e nemo\u017en\u00e9 usilova\u0165 sa v&nbsp;modlitb\u00e1ch o zmenu Bo\u017eieho rozhodnutia a jeho v\u00f4le. V kres\u0165anskej modlitbe nikdy nem\u00f4\u017ee \u00eds\u0165 o to, aby \u010dlovek spr\u00e1vnymi a vytrval\u00fdmi formulkami presved\u010dil Boha, aby urobil to, \u010do si \u010dlovek praje. V modlitbe v\u017edy ide o \u010do najlep\u0161iu dispoz\u00edciu kres\u0165ana, aby ho Boh mohol obdarova\u0165 darmi pod\u013ea svojej Bo\u017eskej v\u00f4le, a aby si \u010dlovekom mohol \u010do najdokonalej\u0161ie posl\u00fa\u017ei\u0165 v tomto svete. Modlitba kres\u0165ana je v\u017edy o vz\u0165ahu l\u00e1sky k Bohu, v ktorom sa \u010dlovek \u010doraz pln\u0161ie a&nbsp;dokonalej\u0161ie odovzd\u00e1va do Bo\u017eej v\u00f4le.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Z Bo\u017eej nemenite\u013enosti taktie\u017e vypl\u00fdva spr\u00e1vne ch\u00e1pane sp\u00e1sy. Obeta Je\u017ei\u0161a Krista na kr\u00ed\u017ei nem\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 ch\u00e1pan\u00e1 ako ut\u00ed\u0161enie spravodliv\u00e9ho a trestaj\u00faceho Bo\u017eieho hnevu, ako to niekedy vysvet\u013euje protestantsk\u00e1 teol\u00f3gia. V Bohu nem\u00f4\u017ee d\u00f4js\u0165 k zmene od hnevu k priazni. Ani hriech \u010dloveka, ani ak\u00e1ko\u013evek obeta nem\u00f4\u017ee sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 v Bohu \u017eiadnu zmenu. Boh je st\u00e1le L\u00e1ska (1Jn 4,16). Jedin\u00e9, \u010do sa m\u00f4\u017ee zmeni\u0165, je postoj \u010dloveka a jeho vz\u0165ah k Bohu. Bu\u010f ho miluje, alebo ho hriechom odmieta. Boh sa v\u0161ak nemen\u00ed. Boh st\u00e1le rovnako miluje \u010dloveka a st\u00e1le rovnako odmieta hriech. Meni\u0165 sa m\u00f4\u017eeme len \u010dlovek. Bu\u010f sa stoto\u017en\u00ed s postojom v hriechu, alebo s&nbsp;postojom spravodlivosti a mieru s Bohom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A&nbsp;napokon z&nbsp;Bo\u017eej nemenite\u013enosti vypl\u00fdvaj\u00fa d\u00f4sledky jeho nez\u00e1vislosti na \u010dase. Hne\u010f prv\u00e1 v\u00fdpove\u010f Sv\u00e4t\u00e9ho p\u00edsma hovor\u00ed, \u017ee \u00faplne na po\u010diatku stvoril Boh nebo a zem (Gn 1,1). \u010cas je Bo\u017eie dielo, v&nbsp;ktorom be\u017eia dejiny sveta, nie Bo\u017eie dejiny. P\u00edsmo vykres\u013euje Boha ako bytos\u0165, ktor\u00e1 stoj\u00ed mimo \u010dasu dej\u00edn. Hovor\u00ed o \u0148om, \u017ee tis\u00edc rokov je pre\u0148ho ako v\u010deraj\u0161\u00ed de\u0148 (\u017d 90,4), a \u017ee existuje od vekov a\u017e na veky (\u017d 90,2). Nemenite\u013en\u00e1 ve\u010dnos\u0165, v ktorej \u017eije Boh, teda nemo\u017eno ch\u00e1pa\u0165 ako nekone\u010dn\u00fa postupnos\u0165 \u010do do minulosti aj bud\u00facnosti. U&nbsp;Boha neexistuje nie\u010do minul\u00e9 a nie\u010do bud\u00face. U Boha existuje len \u201est\u00e1le teraz\u201c, razom cel\u00e9 pre\u017e\u00edvanie neohrani\u010den\u00e9ho \u017eivota (Boetius \u2020525).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V takejto ve\u010dnosti existuje jedine Boh, preto\u017ee v \u0148om neprebieha \u017eiadna zmena. Ka\u017ed\u00fd tvor v\u0161ak \u017eije v \u010dase. Materi\u00e1lne stvorenia \u017eij\u00fa v kozmickom \u010dase a duchovn\u00e9 bytosti, ke\u010f\u017ee v nich prebiehaj\u00fa zmeny ako vznik, \u010di mor\u00e1lny p\u00e1d a pod., hoci ich \u017eivot je \u010do do bud\u00facnosti neohrani\u010den\u00fd, predsa \u017eij\u00fa v \u010dase, ktor\u00fd tvor\u00ed n\u00e1slednos\u0165. \u010cas anjelsk\u00fdch bytost\u00ed sa naz\u00fdva aevum. Ke\u010f\u017ee \u013eudia s\u00fa duchovno-telesn\u00e9 bytosti, znamen\u00e1 to, \u017ee sa na nich nevz\u0165ahuje v\u00fdlu\u010dne kozmick\u00fd \u010das, ale aj \u010das podobn\u00fd aevu, teda existencia konkr\u00e9tneho raz stvoren\u00e9ho \u010dloveka sa u\u017e nikdy neskon\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">NA\u0160A \u00daLOHA:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Prehlbovanie poznania Bo\u017e\u00edch atrib\u00fatov pre hlb\u0161\u00ed duchovn\u00fd \u017eivot.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">\u00daLOHA CIRKVI:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Poukazovanie na praktick\u00e9 d\u00f4sledky Bo\u017eej nemenite\u013enosti ako d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9ho Bo\u017eieho atrib\u00fatu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator alignwide has-text-color has-background has-black-background-color has-black-color is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">LITERAT\u00daRA:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>KANDERA, P.: <em>De Deo uno et trino<\/em>. Ko\u0161ice : 1992.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le\u00f3n-Dufour, X. a kol.: <em>Slovn\u00edk biblickej teol\u00f3gie<\/em>. Zagreb : Kr\u0161\u010danska sada\u0161njost,<sup> <\/sup>1990.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>PALO\u010cKO, \u0160.: <em>Boh odhalen\u00fd rozumom a&nbsp;vierou. <\/em>Pre\u0161ov : Pre\u0161ovsk\u00e1 univerzita v&nbsp;Pre\u0161ove, 2025.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Posp\u00ed\u0161il, C.V.: <em>Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161 z Nazareta, P\u00e1n a Spasitel, <\/em>Kosteln\u00ed vyd\u0159\u00ed :Krystal OP, 2000.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>PERMANETN\u00c1 FORM\u00c1CIA ABSOLVENTOV TEOLOGICK\u00ddCH FAK\u00daLT&nbsp;doc. ThDr. \u0160tefan Palo\u010dko, PhD.&nbsp; T\u00c9MA I: BO\u017dIA NEMENITE\u013dNOS\u0164 \u00daVOD: Ve\u010dn\u00e1 Bo\u017eia existencia ako predpoklad jeho nemenite\u013enosti Cirkevn\u00ed otcovia pri \u00favah\u00e1ch o Bo\u017eej podstate vych\u00e1dzaj\u00fa z Ex 3,14 a&nbsp;zd\u00f4raz\u0148uj\u00fa Boha ako nevyhnutne existuj\u00face bytie. Gregor Nazi\u00e1nsky<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-667","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-palocko"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false,"featured-blog-large":false,"featured-blog-medium":false,"featured":false,"featured-blog-medium-small":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Coranic","author_link":"http:\/\/permanentnaformacia.sk\/index.php\/author\/coranic\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"PERMANETN\u00c1 FORM\u00c1CIA ABSOLVENTOV TEOLOGICK\u00ddCH FAK\u00daLT&nbsp;doc. ThDr. \u0160tefan Palo\u010dko, PhD.&nbsp; T\u00c9MA I: BO\u017dIA NEMENITE\u013dNOS\u0164 \u00daVOD: Ve\u010dn\u00e1 Bo\u017eia existencia ako predpoklad jeho nemenite\u013enosti Cirkevn\u00ed otcovia pri \u00favah\u00e1ch o Bo\u017eej podstate vych\u00e1dzaj\u00fa z Ex 3,14 a&nbsp;zd\u00f4raz\u0148uj\u00fa Boha ako nevyhnutne existuj\u00face bytie. Gregor Nazi\u00e1nsky","_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/permanentnaformacia.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/667","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/permanentnaformacia.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/permanentnaformacia.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/permanentnaformacia.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/permanentnaformacia.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=667"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"http:\/\/permanentnaformacia.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/667\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":687,"href":"http:\/\/permanentnaformacia.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/667\/revisions\/687"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/permanentnaformacia.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=667"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/permanentnaformacia.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=667"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/permanentnaformacia.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=667"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}