{"id":557,"date":"2022-02-20T19:40:08","date_gmt":"2022-02-20T19:40:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/permanentnaformacia.sk\/?p=557"},"modified":"2022-02-20T19:40:08","modified_gmt":"2022-02-20T19:40:08","slug":"vybrane-zivotne-cykly","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/permanentnaformacia.sk\/index.php\/2022\/02\/20\/vybrane-zivotne-cykly\/","title":{"rendered":"Vybran\u00e9 \u017eivotn\u00e9 cykly"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

PERMANETN\u00c1 FORM\u00c1CIA ABSOLVENTOV TEOLOGICK\u00ddCH FAK\u00daLT <\/strong>
Mgr. Jana Luk\u00e1\u010dov\u00e1, PhD. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00c9MA V:<\/strong> Vybran\u00e9 \u017eivotn\u00e9 cykly<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

Narodenie <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

V islame je narodenie die\u0165a\u0165a vn\u00edman\u00e9 ako Bo\u017e\u00ed dar. Aj preto by mali by\u0165 slov\u00e1 zvolania k modlitbe- adh\u00e1nu <\/em>teda aj slov\u00e1 \u0161ah\u00e1dy<\/em>, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou zvolania k modlitbe a prv\u00e9, ktor\u00e9 die\u0165a zapo\u010duje na tomto svete. Na jednej strane ide o dosved\u010denie pr\u00edslu\u0161nosti k islamu a na druhej strane je to prepojenie na moslimsk\u00e9 spolo\u010denstvo- ummu<\/em>. V dne\u0161nej dobe u moslimov nie s\u00fa aplikovan\u00e9 viacer\u00e9 typick\u00e9 zvyky zn\u00e1me z minulosti. K obradom, ktor\u00e9 sa na\u010falej uplat\u0148uj\u00fa patria: <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Obrad ,,d\u00e1vania\u201c mena <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

– pod\u013ea sunny sa obrad d\u00e1vania mena m\u00e1m uskuto\u010dni\u0165 do 7 dn\u00ed od narodenia- moslimsk\u00e1 prax v\u0161ak na druhej strane uv\u00e1dza aj to, \u017ee d\u00e1vanie mena sa nem\u00e1 uplatni\u0165 hne\u010f po naroden\u00ed, ale a\u017e ke\u010f je jasn\u00e9, \u017ee die\u0165a pre\u017eije; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

– v\u00fdber mena podlieha rozhodnutiu rodi\u010dov, \u010dast\u00fdmi menami s\u00fa napr. Mohamed, ale rovnako aj men\u00e1 r\u00f4znych osobnost\u00ed islamsk\u00e9ho sveta. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Obrad obetovanie zviera\u0165a\/strihanie prame\u0148a vlasov- aq\u00edqa <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

– obetovanie zviera\u0165a<\/em>– akt, ktor\u00fdm moslimovia chc\u00fa vzda\u0165 v\u010faku Bohu za milos\u0165, ktor\u00fa im dal v podobe zviera\u0165a; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

– obetovanie zviera\u0165a<\/em>– sunna uv\u00e1dza, \u017ee v pr\u00edpade narodenia mu\u017esk\u00e9ho potomka maj\u00fa by\u0165 obetovan\u00e9 dve zvierat\u00e1 a v pr\u00edpade \u017eensk\u00e9ho potomka jedno zviera- m\u00e4so z tohto obetovan\u00e9ho zviera\u0165a pod\u00e1va pozvan\u00fdm hos\u0165om a rodine, ale aj pri tejto udalosti m\u00e1 usporiadate\u013e pam\u00e4ta\u0165 na chudobn\u00fdch a pri tejto pr\u00edle\u017eitosti venova\u0165 \u010das\u0165 zviera\u0165a (jeho m\u00e4sa) pr\u00e1ve im; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

– strihanie prame\u0148a vlasov<\/em>– naj\u010dastej\u0161ie sa tento zvyk aplikuje v 7. de\u0148 od narodenia die\u0165a\u0165a- \u00fadajne sa via\u017ee k dc\u00e9re proroka Mohameda F\u00e1time. Pr\u00e1ve ona mala da\u0165 ostriha\u0165 svojich synov Hassana a Husajna a v r\u00e1mci hmotnosti prame\u0148ov ich vlasov mala chudobn\u00fdm rozda\u0165 almu\u017enu v striebre a zlate v hodnote hmotnosti vlasov. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Obrad obriezky <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

– \u010das vykonania tohto obradu sa odli\u0161uje- niektor\u00ed moslimovia ho praktizuj\u00fa k 7. d\u0148u po naroden\u00ed, ale nie je to iba v tento de\u0148 niekedy ju vykon\u00e1vali u\u017e lek\u00e1ri pri naroden\u00ed; 
– ak sa via\u017ee k 7. d\u0148u sp\u00e1ja sa s ostatn\u00fdmi u\u017e spomenut\u00fdmi zvykmi v islame; 
– na druhej strane sa m\u00f4\u017ee aplikova\u0165 aj v r\u00e1mci \u010fal\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm obdob\u00ed- niekedy sa vykon\u00e1va v detstve, v 7. roku \u017eivota, alebo na za\u010diatku puberty chlapca; 
– ak sa via\u017ee k vy\u0161\u0161iemu veku tak je sprev\u00e1dzan\u00e1 prvou \u00falohou znalosti chlapca recitova\u0165 Kor\u00e1n. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Smr\u0165 a pochov\u00e1vanie <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rytmus \u017eivota \u010dloveka je bezv\u00fdhradne v ruk\u00e1ch samotn\u00e9ho Boha. S term\u00ednom smrti sa stret\u00e1vame u\u017e v obdob\u00ed spojen\u00fdm s Mohamedom. Smr\u0165 v tomto \u017eivote je iba ukon\u010den\u00edm etapy tohto sveta. \u010clovek bude na onom svete s\u00faden\u00fd na z\u00e1klade viery, skutkov a milosrdenstva samotn\u00e9ho Boha. Sunniti veria, \u017ee du\u0161u z tela odober\u00e1 anjel smrti- \u00b4Azr\u00e1\u00b4\u00edl <\/em>a pr\u00e1ve on so svojimi pomocn\u00edkmi ju priv\u00e1dzaj\u00fa do neba. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pohrebn\u00e9 obrady <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

– islam presne definuje ako maj\u00fa vyzera\u0165 pohrebn\u00e9 obrady zosnul\u00e9ho, kto na nich m\u00e1 by\u0165 pr\u00edtomn\u00fd aj \u010das, kedy je najlep\u0161ie vykona\u0165 pohreb; 
– pohreb sa vykon\u00e1val priamo v pr\u00edbytku zosnul\u00e9ho alebo na cintor\u00edne- telo zosnul\u00e9ho malo by\u0165 pochovan\u00e9 \u010do najr\u00fdchlej\u0161ie a s \u010dasom pohrebu nie je potrebn\u00e9 ot\u00e1\u013ea\u0165; 
– pohreb nie je miesto oplak\u00e1vania zosnul\u00e9ho, ale pripomenutia si ve\u013ekoleposti a milosrdenstva Boha; 
– moslimov aj v tomto okamihu sp\u00e1ja viera, \u017ee zosnul\u00fd iba \u010dak\u00e1, aby bol vzkriesen\u00fd pre rajsk\u00e9 odmeny;
– aj pri pr\u00edprav\u00e1ch tela zosnulej osoby hr\u00e1 d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fa \u00falohu tah\u00e1ra<\/em>– \u010distota- telo zosnul\u00e9ho je toti\u017e um\u00fdvan\u00e9 nieko\u013eko kr\u00e1t- ide o ritu\u00e1lnu o\u010distu- ghusl, <\/em>ktor\u00fa vykon\u00e1vaj\u00fa osoby rovnak\u00e9ho pohlavia;
– telesn\u00e1 schr\u00e1nka zosnul\u00e9ho m\u00e1 by\u0165 ulo\u017een\u00e1 do ka\u017edodenn\u00e9ho oble\u010denia, ktor\u00e9 m\u00e1 zvy\u010dajne bielu farbu;
– moslimovia, ktor\u00ed sa z\u00fa\u010dastnia p\u00fate do Mekky si \u010dasto so sebou prin\u00e1\u0161aj\u00fa aj vodu zo studne Zamzam a pr\u00e1ve touto vodou je telo pokropen\u00e9 aj pred ulo\u017een\u00edm do hrobu; 
– pohrebn\u00e9 modlitby zvy\u010dajne vedie im\u00e1m a po\u010das nich recituje takb\u00edr<\/em>, r\u00f4zne modlitby (medzi nimi aj F\u00e1tihu<\/em>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

LITERAT\u00daRA: <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

AL- SBENATY, A.: Islam \u2013 viera a n\u00e1bo\u017eenstvo. <\/em>Bratislava: ALJA, s. r. o., 2002. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

BOU\u0160EK, D.: Poh\u0159b\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed a n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bva svat\u00fdch m\u00edst v Syropalest\u00edn\u011b ajj\u00fabovsk\u00e9ho a mamluck\u00e9ho obdob\u00ed. In: OST\u0158ANSK\u00dd, B. (ed.): Smrt, hroby a z\u00e1hrob\u00ed v isl\u00e1mu<\/em>. Praha: Academia, 2014.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

DENNY, F. M.: Isl\u00e1m a muslimsk\u00e1 obec<\/em>. Praha: Prostor, 1999. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

MALECK\u00c1, J.: Narozen\u00ed, svatba a poh\u0159eb v sunnitsk\u00e9m isl\u00e1mu<\/em>. Brno: Masarykova univerzita, Filozofick\u00e1 fakulta, \u00dastav evropsk\u00e9 etnol\u00f3gie, 2014. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

MENDEL, M.: Muslimov\u00e9 a jejich sv\u011bt. O v\u00edre, zvyklostech a sm\u00fd\u0161len\u00ed vyzn\u00e1va\u010d\u016f isl\u00e1mu. <\/em>Praha: Dingir, 2016. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

MENDEL, M.: N\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed v boji o Palest\u00ednu. Judaismus, isl\u00e1m a k\u0159es\u0165anstv\u00ed jako ideologie etnick\u00e9ho konfliktu. <\/em>Brno: Atlantis, <\/p>\n\n\n\n

s. r. o., 2000. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

OST\u0158ANSK\u00dd, B.: Mal\u00e1 encyklop\u00e9die isl\u00e1mu a muslimsk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti. <\/em>Praha: Nakladatelstv\u00ed Libri, 2009. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

OST\u0158ANSK\u00dd, B.: Smrt\u00ed nic nekon\u010d\u00ed. In: OST\u0158ANSK\u00dd, B. (ed.): Smrt, hroby a z\u00e1hrob\u00ed v isl\u00e1mu<\/em>. Praha: Academia, 2014. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

PAVLINCOV\u00c1, H. \u2013 HORYNA, B. (ed.): Judaismus, k\u0159es\u0165anstv\u00ed a isl\u00e1m. <\/em>Olomouc: Nakladatelstv\u00ed Olomouc, 2003. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

PERMANETN\u00c1 FORM\u00c1CIA ABSOLVENTOV TEOLOGICK\u00ddCH FAK\u00daLT Mgr. Jana Luk\u00e1\u010dov\u00e1, PhD.  T\u00c9MA V: Vybran\u00e9 \u017eivotn\u00e9 cykly Narodenie  V islame je narodenie die\u0165a\u0165a vn\u00edman\u00e9 ako Bo\u017e\u00ed dar. Aj preto by mali by\u0165 slov\u00e1 zvolania k modlitbe- adh\u00e1nu teda aj slov\u00e1 \u0161ah\u00e1dy, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-557","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-lukacova"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false,"featured-blog-large":false,"featured-blog-medium":false,"featured":false,"featured-blog-medium-small":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"RobertMacej","author_link":"http:\/\/permanentnaformacia.sk\/index.php\/author\/robertmacej\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"PERMANETN\u00c1 FORM\u00c1CIA ABSOLVENTOV TEOLOGICK\u00ddCH FAK\u00daLT Mgr. Jana Luk\u00e1\u010dov\u00e1, PhD.  T\u00c9MA V: Vybran\u00e9 \u017eivotn\u00e9 cykly Narodenie  V islame je narodenie die\u0165a\u0165a vn\u00edman\u00e9 ako Bo\u017e\u00ed dar. Aj preto by mali by\u0165 slov\u00e1 zvolania k modlitbe- adh\u00e1nu teda aj slov\u00e1 \u0161ah\u00e1dy, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou","_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/permanentnaformacia.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/557","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/permanentnaformacia.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/permanentnaformacia.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/permanentnaformacia.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/permanentnaformacia.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=557"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/permanentnaformacia.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/557\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":558,"href":"http:\/\/permanentnaformacia.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/557\/revisions\/558"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/permanentnaformacia.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=557"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/permanentnaformacia.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=557"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/permanentnaformacia.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=557"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}